News & Publications

Cystic Thyroid Nodules (CTN) - Summary Points

By Felix Martinez Jr, M.D.

Cystic thyroid nodules (CTN) are very common and are frequently aspirated for cytology examination. In what follows, I attempt to summarize notes, key points, and my experience with cystic lesions.

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“Reactive” Pap Results – The End Of An Era

By Felix Martinez Jr, M.D.

Since 1989, there have been several significant developments in the field of cytology that have rendered the category of reactive changes to clinical obsolescence. This article explains why in a laboratory, reactive changes in a Pap are identified, confirmed to be nonneoplastic, then reported as a ‘Negative’ finding, with clear distinction of the finding from ASCUS or LSIL, without the use of HPV tests.

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HNPCC: It’s All Relative

By Amy M. Backer, M.D.

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) is an inherited condition from a parent and develops through changes in their mismatch repair (MMR) genes during DNA replication. This form of genetic destabilization is referred to as the microsatellite instability (MSI) pathway.

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